history
continued ...
As early as 1567 Sir Humphrey Gilbert petitioned the Queen
for colonial development in America, but was unable to obtain
approval until 1578. Sir Humphrey's first attempt failed
and it was not until June 11, 1583 that he was able outfit
a fleet of 5 ships. One day out, one of the ships turned
home, apparently harboring some contagious disease. On August
3, Sir Humphrey arrived at St. John's, New Found Land. The
Swallow was sent home with sick men aboard and The Delight
went ashore and was lost with most of its crew. The two
last vessels, the 40-ton Golden Hinde and the 8-ton Squirrel,
(the Gilbert family crest was a squirrel), made it safely
to the longitude of the Azores before they encountered heavy
weather where the Squirrel was lost. Only the Golden Hinde
made it home to England. On March 25, 1584, Queen Elizabeth
renewed Sir Humphrey's charter in the name of his half-brother
Sir Walter Raleigh. In August 1585, Sir Walter Raleigh constructed
Fort Raleigh on Roanoke Island, (North Carolina) naming
the territory Virginia in honor of the Queen. This event
marked the birth of English speaking America, 22 years before
Jamestown and 35 years before the Pilgrims stepped ashore
at Plymouth Rock.
The next decisive step in American colonization was the
grant by King James I in 1606 for the "London" and Plymouth"
colonies. The "London Colony" settled in Jamestown, Virginia.
The "Plymouth Colony," commanded by Captain Raleigh Gilbert,
founded the Sagadahoc River colony (now known as the Kennebec
River), in Maine, in August 1607. It is incredible to realize
that the inhabitants of Compton Castle in Devon created
the English colonization of America and the start of The
British Empire.